COST STRUCTURE FOR RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS WITH REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
DOI: 2255666116
Accepted: 13/02/2026
Published: 05/03/2026

Determining the participation of each type of works in the total construction costs for the building is a useful issue, particularly in the early stage of the project. Therefore, data has been collected for fifteen residential buildings built in Macedonia. Buildings have reinforced-concrete structures, one underground level and four to seven levels above the ground. The participation of each type of works in the total construction costs for each building was calculated. Their average participation is: earth works 3,02 %, concrete and reinforced-concrete works – 41,55 %, masonry works – 10,84 %, roofing works – 2,44 %, plastering – 14,67 %, painting – 0,76 %, floor works – 12,95 %, insulation works – 4,22 %, doors and windows – 9,55 %. Although the values presented are approximate, they can be used to roughly predict costs of each type of work for residential buildings with reinforced concrete structure.

Authors

  • Valentina Zileska Pancovska, Affiliation: Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Civil Engineering Skopje , ORCID: 0000-0001-7620-4040
  • Todorka Samardzioska, Affiliation: Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Civil Engineering Skopje , ORCID: 0000-0001-8992-2279
  • Sead Abazi, Affiliation: Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Faculty of Civil Engineering Skopje , ORCID: 0000-0001-8263-600X
  • Emil Ajdinoski, Affiliation: TD Constructor DOOEL – Struga

Keywords

  • costs
  • cost structure
  • construction works
  • residential buildings
  • reinforced concrete structural system

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